B4GALT1, beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1

B4GALT1, beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1

• This gene is one of seven beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta4GalT) genes. They encode type II membrane-bound glycoproteins that appear to have exclusive specificity for the donor substrate UDP-galactose; all transfer galactose in a beta1,4 linkage to similar acceptor sugars: GlcNAc, Glc, and Xyl. Each beta4GalT has a distinct function in the biosynthesis of different glycoconjugates and saccharide structures. As type II membrane proteins, they have an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence that directs the protein to the Golgi apparatus and which then remains uncleaved to function as a transmembrane anchor. By sequence similarity, the beta4GalTs form four groups: beta4GalT1 and beta4GalT2, beta4GalT3 and beta4GalT4, beta4GalT5 and beta4GalT6, and beta4GalT7. This gene is unique among the beta4GalT genes because it encodes an enzyme that participates both in glycoconjugate and lactose biosynthesis. For the first activity, the enzyme adds galactose to N-acetylglucosamine residues that are either monosaccharides or the nonreducing ends of glycoprotein carbohydrate chains. The second activity is restricted to lactating mammary tissues where the enzyme forms a heterodimer with alpha-lactalbumin to catalyze UDP-galactose + D-glucose <=> UDP + lactose. The two enzymatic forms result from alternate transcription initiation sites and post-translational processing. Two transcripts, which differ only at the 5' end, with approximate lengths of 4.1 kb and 3.9 kb encode the same protein. The longer transcript encodes the type II membrane-bound, trans-Golgi resident protein involved in glycoconjugate biosynthesis. The shorter transcript encodes a protein which is cleaved to form the soluble lactose synthase. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

• Gene Synonyms (B4GAL-T1, CDG2D, GGTB2, GT1, GTB, beta4Gal-T1, beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1, N-acetyllactosamine synthase, UDP-Gal:beta-GlcNAc beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1, UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 1, UDP-galactose:beta-N-acetylglucosamine beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1, beta-1,4-GalTase 1, beta-N-acetylglucosaminyl-glycolipid beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminylglycopeptide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase, glycoprotein-4-beta-galactosyltransferase 2, lactose synthase, lactose synthase A protein, nal synthase, neolactotriaosylceramide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase,)
• NCBI Gene ID: 2683
• Species: Homo sapiens (Human)
• UNIPROT ID#>>P15291
• View the NCBI Database for this Gene »

Gene products are often involved in multiple pathways and networks within a living cell. Learn more about other interacting partners.

beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 interacts with:

• 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3C
  ADP ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 2
  ariadne RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2
  beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1
  beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 3
  cell division cycle 6
  coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase 1
  cyclin dependent kinase 11A
  DEP domain containing 5, GATOR1 subcomplex subunit
  embryonic ectoderm development
  family with sequence similarity 234 member B
  heat shock protein 90 alpha family class B member 1
  heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D
  heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L
  IFI30 lysosomal thiol reductase
  insulin like growth factor 2 receptor
  interleukin 13 receptor subunit alpha 2
  interleukin 27 receptor subunit alpha
  junction plakoglobin
  lactalbumin alpha
  mannosidase alpha class 1B member 1
  mannosyl-oligosaccharide glucosidase
  matrix metallopeptidase 10
  membrane metalloendopeptidase
  NPR2 like, GATOR1 complex subunit
  NPR3 like, GATOR1 complex subunit
  olfactory receptor family 10 subfamily G member 4
  paraoxonase 2
  patched 1
  protein O-mannose kinase
  RAB5C, member RAS oncogene family
  ring finger protein 4
  RPTOR independent companion of MTOR complex 2
  SEC24 homolog A, COPII coat complex component
  SEC24 homolog B, COPII coat complex component
  SEC24 homolog C, COPII coat complex component
  secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A
  solute carrier family 39 member 3
  solute carrier family 39 member 9
  sprouty-related EVH1 domain containing 2
  TBL1X receptor 1
  tectonic family member 2
  tetraspanin 5
  trafficking protein particle complex 13
  trafficking protein particle complex 2
  trafficking protein particle complex 5
  transferrin receptor
  transmembrane protein 30B
  transmembrane serine protease 11B
  tripartite motif containing 25
  TSC complex subunit 1
  TSC complex subunit 2
  tubulin alpha 1a
  tubulin alpha 4a
  tubulin beta class I
  tumor necrosis factor
  ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 J1
  ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 M
  UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 1

Paste a protein or nucleic acid sequence in the box below to confirm that it matches this gene’s reference sequence(s). Click on a link under RELATED ORF CLONES to see how a sequence matches to an experimentally-validated ORF clone.